A new equation for accurate approximation of the Moody friction factor in the general gas-flow equation better approximates a wide range of Reynolds numbers than previously published equations. Other, ...

Exploring the flow mechanism of fluid in rock mass is important in solving the water inrush problems during tunnel excavation. However, it is difficult to obtain an undisturbed rock mass from the ...

Oil field operators can use several practical equations for calculating flow rates of natural gas through venturi gas-lift valves. For critical flow, this analysis derived such equations from a ...

The two major flow mechanisms in the vadose zone are uniform flow and preferential flow. Both types of flow occur often simultaneously, but have considerably different consequences for water flow and ...

Scientific progress is not usually straightforward. Researchers pursue and abandon lines of inquiry. Results languish. Theories take decades to cohere. But sometimes the accumulation of scientific ...