In modern wireless communication systems, data transmission is achieved through the collaboration of digital modulation circuits and antennas. Digital baseband signals are first modulated in terms of ...

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising technology for harvesting ambient mechanical energy, their practical deployment has been strongly underpinned by their excellent ...

Liquid-crystal (LC) phase modulators are widely used in optical systems because of their advantages of low power consumption, lightweight, flexible bandwidth adjustment, and non-mechanical movements.

Light Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS Complex modulation of optical fields (i.e., the control of light’s amplitude and phase) is vital to the ...