The surface of Mars is desiccated, cold, and oxidized today. However, ancient parts of the crust contain hundreds of channel networks and dry lakes that must have formed in a warmer and wetter climate ...

Sandbars swirl beneath Oregon Inlet in Cape Hatteras National Seashore on North Carolina's Outer Banks. Waves driven by ocean winds can cause the sandbars here to shift and change literally by the ...

Lichens and bryophytes have been shown to significantly enhance weathering of the surface rocks on which they grow compared with abiotic conditions 1,2,3. They increase both physical as well as ...

Erosion is responsible for some of the weirdest-looking natural wonders on Earth. The effects of rainfall, wind abrasion, wave and river flow, glacial movement, and that of weathering—the breaking ...