Reproducibility is fundamental to science. Yet digital technology casts an increasingly long shadow on the principle. When independent investigators examine studies, they are unable to validate about ...

Every year, the countries competing in the International Mathematical Olympiad arrive with a booklet of their best, most ...

Economists argue in guest essay that so-called "price-fixing" software often recommends lowering rents to reduce vacancies.

The Baptism of Christ is one of Spanish Renaissance painter El Greco’s most mysterious artworks. The oil painting depicts a ...

In the second phase of its partnership with IBM, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign will develop new algorithms that ...

Quantum technologies like quantum computers are built from quantum materials. These types of materials exhibit quantum properties when exposed to the right conditions. Curiously, engineers can also ...

A new computational study suggests the Great Pyramid of Giza was built using a sophisticated "Integrated Edge-Ramp" (IER) system, potentially solving a 4,500-year-old architectural enigma. This model ...

Diffie-Hellman’s key-exchange method runs this kind of exponentiation protocol, with all the operations conducted in this way ...

Those changes will be contested, in math as in other academic disciplines wrestling with AI’s impact. As AI models become a ...

ABSTRACT: Oracle-based quantum algorithms cannot use deep loops because quantum states exist only as mathematical amplitudes in Hilbert space with no physical substrate. Critically, quantum wave ...

This paper proposes a quantum algorithm for solving the tautology and the satisfiability problems for a Boolean formula. Let’s say we are given a Boolean formula. The variables of the Boolean formula ...